Editorial Analysis
Tiny particles from distant galaxies have caused plane accidents, election interference and game glitches. This video is sponsored by Brilliant. The first 200 people to sign up via https://brilliant.org/veritasium get 20% off a yearly subscription.This video was inspired by the RadioLab Podcast Bit Flip https://ve42.co/BF -- they're brilliant science storytellers.A Huge thanks to Dr Leif Scheick, Calla Cofield and the JPL Media Relations Team.Thanks to Col Chris Hadfield. Check out his book: https://chrishadfield.ca/books/▀▀▀References:J. F. Ziegler, Terrestrial cosmic rays, in IBM Journal of Research and Development, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 19-39, Jan. 1996, doi: 10.1147/rd.401.0019. -- https://ve42.co/Ziegler1996D. Binder, E. C. Smith and A. B. Holman, Satellite Anomalies from Galactic Cosmic Rays, in IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 2675-2680, Dec. 1975, doi: 10.1109/TNS.1975.4328188 https://ve42.co/Binder1975Ziegler, J. F., & Lanford, W. A. (1979). Effect of cosmic rays on computer memories. Science, 206(4420), 776-788 https://ve42.co/Ziegler1979Drury, L. O. C. (2012). Origin of cosmic rays. Astroparticle Physics, 39, 52-60. https://ve42.co/Drury2012Hess, V. (2018). On the observations of the penetrating radiation during seven balloon flights. arXiv preprint arXiv:1808.02927. --https://ve42.co/Hess2018Carlson, P., & De Angelis, A. (2011). Nationalism and internationalism in science: the case of the discovery of cosmic rays. The European Physical Journal H, 35(4), 309-329. -- https://ve42.co/Carlson2011Höeffgen, S. K., Metzger, S., & Steffens, M. (2020). Investigating the effects of cosmic rays on space electronics. Frontiers in Physics, 8, 318. -- https://ve42.co/Hoeffgen2020Edmonds, L. D., Barnes, C. E., & Scheick, L. Z. (2000). An introduction to space radiation effects on microelectronics. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, National Aeronautics and Space Administration. -- https://ve42.co/Edmonds2000NASA Mars 2020 website covering the specifications of the Perseverance Rover https://ve42.co/RoverBrainsAustralian Government Australian Transport Safety Bureau report on QF72 -- https://ve42.co/ASTBQantasAustralian Government Australian Transport Safety Bureau summary on QF72 --https://ve42.co/ASTBQantas2Great Blog post about QF72 -- https://ve42.co/DempseyQantasMichael Barr's report on the Toyota acceleration issue --https://ve42.co/Barr2015NASA's Report on Toyota -- https://ve42.co/NASAToyotaT. C. May and M. H. Woods, A New Physical Mechanism for Soft Errors in Dynamic Memories, 16th International Reliability Physics Symposium, 1978, pp. 33-40, doi: 10.1109/IRPS.1978.362815. --https://ve42.co/May1978P. M. O'Neill and G. D. Badhwar, Single event upsets for Space Shuttle flights of new general purpose computer memory devices, in IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 1755-1764, Oct. 1994, doi: 10.1109/23.317386. -- https://ve42.co/ONeill1994Wikipedia about radiation hardening -- https://ve42.co/RadHardeningToward Monitoring Fault-Tolerant EmbeddedSystems (Extended Abstract) -- https://ve42.co/Goodloe2009Article about speed run -- https://ve42.co/BurttSpeedrunArticle about speed run -- https://ve42.co/BountySpeedrunArticle about redundant systems in spaceflight -- https://ve42.co/NASAComputersArticle about the PowerPC750 -- https://ve42.co/Wener-FlignerNASAFuglesang C, Narici L, Picozza P, Sannita WG. Phosphenes in low earth orbit: survey responses from 59 astronauts. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2006 Apr;77(4):449-52. PMID: 16676658. -- https://ve42.co/Fuglesang2006Good article about Cosmic Rays causing flashes -- https://ve42.co/AtkinsonEyeGood article about radiation resistance -- https://ve42.co/RoverResistanceSpecial thanks to Patreon supporters: Paul Peijzel, Juan Benet, Ruslan Khroma, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Sam Lutfi, MJP, Gnare, Nick DiCandilo, Dave Kircher, Edward Larsen, Burt Humburg, Blake Byers, Dumky, Mike Tung, Evgeny Skvortsov, Meekay, Ismail Öncü Usta, Paul Peijzel, Crated Comments, Anna, Mac Malkawi, Michael Schneider, Oleksii Leonov, Jim Osmun, Tyson McDowell, Ludovic Robillard, Jim buckmaster, fanime96, Juan Benet, Ruslan Khroma, Robert Blum, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Vincent, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Alfred Wallace, Arjun Chakroborty, Joar Wandborg, Clayton Greenwell, Pindex, Michael Krugman, Cy 'kkm' K'Nelson, Sam Lutfi, Ron Neal Written by Derek Muller and Petr LebedevAnimation by Iván Tello, Mike Radjabov, Fabio Albertelli, Jakub Misiek and Charlie DaviesSFX by Shaun CliffordFilmed by Derek Muller, Raquel Nuno, and Emily ZhangEdited by Derek Muller and Petr LebedevSFX by Shaun CliffordAdditional video supplied by Getty ImagesRover Footage From NASA/JPL-CaltechQF72 footage from the Smithsonian channel https://youtu.be/H3q5S9PCoJASM64 footage from https://ve42.co/pannenkoek2012Music from Epidemic SoundProduced by Derek Muller, Petr Lebedev and Emily Zhang
